The Scary thing about Epilepsy Drugs

As I may have mentioned in the past, I have epilepsy in addition to CVID, and was diagnosed with it just a few years before my January 2010 CVID diagnosis. In 2009 I was put on a drug that seemed like a miracle to me (Trileptal...aka Oxcarbazapine), as it controlled my seizures with minimal side effects.

Fast-forward to May 2011, when I found a case study written by Dr. Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles (the leading CVID researcher in the country) linking Trileptal to the cause of CVID in a patient! I was shocked, confused, excited, and even a little bit heart-sick. I spent many days weighing which disease was easier to live with as I knew that my many sensitivities had ruled out most of the seizure drugs that would work on my kind of epilepsy. The thing that made me decide that epilepsy would be the better disease to have to live with was seeing what some of my CVID support group friends suffer with every day, and knowing that I'm not at that point yet but it could be in my future.

The patient in the case study was taking Trileptal to control pain, and once she was taken off of it her body started rebuilding antibodies within 2 months of stopping it, and had fully recovered except for IgA after 8 months. I then realized that the only way to find out whether Trileptal had caused the CVID would be to stop the taking it, but in order to find out whether my body was building its own antibodies would be to stop my IVIG treatments as well. That seemed like a completely impossible option, as I had just started a new job and didn't see any way I could change seizure drugs without going on extended medical leave while my body and brain adapted to new medications. I tried going onto Topamax with the intent of easing off of Trileptal, but my body didn't like that one at all. After a full week of constant intense nausea and not decreasing the Trileptal dose, my neurologist told me to stop the Topamax, and then he began research to find something else that I could take.

Time passed. In August I went to an allergist at Stanford to help me with my allergic reactions that I experience despite testing negative to allergens (because I have very low IgE due to the CVID). That Dr ran a test of my blood sodium level and found that it was dangerously low (121). He told me to get an emergency visit with my neurologist to get off of the Trileptal, as Trileptal is known for pushing blood sodium levels down in some people. Luckily, my neurologist had found a new seizure drug called Vimpat (Lacosamide) that seems to work well for me, is not on the list of seizure drugs that may cause CVID, and has minimal side effects...another miracle drug...I hope it is as good as it seems.

It's Been Awhile...

I haven't added anything here for a long time, and for that I apologize. I guess I've been kind of scared about my treatments and got down in the dumps over it. Things have improved tremendously though, so I think it's about time I posted an update.

I kept having a lot of bad reactions to my treatments and my doctors kept telling me that if I didn't improve, they would have to take me off of all IgG therapy and put me on prophylactic antibiotics. What scared me about that is that I already have significant lung damage from all the infections I've had over the years and prophylactic antibiotics are less effective at treating CVID than IgG therapy. In addition, I tend to develop allergies to antibiotics quickly, and there are already many that I can't take either because they quit working for me, or I suddenly developed an allergy to them. I think we've finally come up with a solution that is working though, and my infusions have been going much better with fewer side effects.

I now take 20 mg of Prednisone the day of my treatment (an hour or so before I start it), and then another 20 mg of Prednisone the day after my treatment. If I take that and make sure to hydrate well, I tend to not have many reactions, and those that I do have are minor. The only exception to that seems to be if I forget to take my second Prednisone, then about 24 hours after the treatment I will start having trouble breathing.

The good news though is that I'm recovering more quickly from my infusions too. It used to be that I would feel exhausted and sick for the whole week between infusions, but now I feel weak the day after my treatment, but by the second day after, I feel pretty good! I've actually started looking forward to my infusions because I know they will help me feel better!

Today I forgot to take my second Prednisone, and so I'm having breathing trouble now. I was trying to figure out what was causing the chest tightness, then suddenly realized I hadn't taken the other pill. I need to make sure I put it in my pill container for the next day.

Bad Reaction...but to what?

I did my infusion yesterday and finished about 11:00 PM. Today I felt ok other than exhaustion and a headache...until about 2 hours ago (8:00) PM. Suddenly I started swelling all over my body and having breathing trouble. I'm afraid it's from the treatment, but hoping it was just a food reaction rather than to the treatment. I took 2 Benadryl and my breathing has improved somewhat, but I'm still swollen enough that my fingers feel stiff, and still a bit short of breath. I know I probably should do the epi-pen and 911 thing, but I'm afraid that the epi-pen will trigger seizures. I keep monitoring my breathing with my peak flow meter and even with the feeling of shortness of breath, I'm blowing over 400 on it (which is good). My tongue isn't swollen either.

I didn't eat anything that unusual today, except some home-made oatmeal/coconut/chocolate cookies that my mom put some milk in. I'm allergic to milk, but have never had this kind of reaction to it before. That was the most recent thing that I ate before the reaction, and the reaction came on very suddenly. I also had some spaghetti with fresh basil on it from my mom's plant, and while that's not something I have all the time, it's still frequent enough that I didn't think twice about it. I had that about an hour before I noticed the reaction.

The only other time I've had a reaction like this to something was to shellfish, and it was similar except this time I don't feel like my tongue's swollen. I'm wondering whether there's shellfish in the cat food.

Will post more later...

False Alarm?

Sunday, 11/19/10 2:00 PM

So...I ended up not going to the hospital, but took an additional 2 Benadryl and was finally able to sleep despite the fact that I was really scared. I feel a lot better this morning, and I realized that the Prednisone could have made me puffy instead of it having been an anaphylactic-type reaction. I know, I'm an idiot for not going to the hospital because they could have at least confirmed whether it was anaphylaxis or not, but I was afraid to go because I was scared I'd catch something. Silly huh?

I took my blood pressure when I was going through all of that and it was 140/89 which is very high for me, but it made me more comfortable to sleep because one of the danger signs of anaphylaxis is low blood pressure in addition to the other signs. It made me realize that maybe something else was going on and I calmed down. This morning I asked my mom whether I'd been puffy earlier in the day before I went to get her and she said my face was definitely puffy. That's another reason I think it was the prednisone. Also, I never felt like my throat or my tongue were swollen, and I think the prednisone explains that. 

I feel like a fool for getting so scared and putting my mom through hours of worry, but it was scary and I've had the swelling thing before with my tongue and throat swollen from an allergic reaction. I should have remembered that prednisone makes my face look puffy too though and calmed down when I realized my tongue and throat weren't swollen.

I do have a rash where the Tagaderm patches were, and that's something new. I took picture to show the doctors if they want to see them. 

So confusing...too many variables...

Update...

Monday, 12/20/2010 10:00 AM

I tried to call my doctor but they are out of the office until January...I guess that's the drawback of a teaching hospital. When I couldn't reach anyone there I called Accredo and spoke to both the head nurse and the pharmacist. They were both of the opinion that it probably was the prednisone causing the swelling because I didn't have a swollen throat or tongue. The pharmacist suggested that I take 20 mg the day of my infusion and then try either taking 10 mg the next day and 10 the day after that, or 20 the day of and 20 the next day. She said she's noticed a pattern to me having breathing trouble about 24 hours after the infusion and believes it to be a backlash reaction from the prednisone suppressing everything. She said missing a few weeks of my infusion wouldn't kill me if I'd rather wait to talk to my doctor. I truly think that's what it was though. 

Appointment with Primary Immunodeficiency Specialist

Today I had my first appointment with a true specialist in immunology at a local research hospital.

He's a pediatric immunologist, but sees adults once a week. I saw a fellow first who was very nice and also seemed very competent, she asked me a lot of questions about my history, especially regarding infections. Then the doctor came in with another fellow and sat down, talked to me in-depth, and very patiently answered my questions.

The doctor is concerned that the original tests that I had at diagnosis were not sensitive enough to detect how low my IgA actually is. My test results show <25, but that just means that my IgA is lower than the test is capable of showing. Because I have a history of bad reactions to both Carimmune NH IVIG, and have had a few bad reactions to Hizentra SubQ, he suspects that I might have an IgA level below 6. He also said that if that's the case, and I keep having Hizentra or other high-IgA gammaglobulin treatments, my body could make IgA antibodies which would mean that I could eventually have very serious reactions like anaphylaxis to the treatments.

He plans to run more in-depth and sensitive tests on me to check out my IgA level, see what antibodies I have for various diseases, test for RA and Lupus, and see what I have in terms of Candida. There was probably more, but I'm having trouble remembering.

I am very excited about being able to see this doctor. I believe he will help me a lot! He recommended that for my next Hizentra treatment I take 2 Benadryl, and 1 Tylenol and see if I do better.

I will keep the Fioricet as an option later if I get a migraine, but because it has Tylenol in it, I would have to wait hours after taking the Tylenol before doing that.

He kept reiterating that CVID is actually a "blanket name" for many different diseases, and they will test me to find out more about what I actually have. I'm so excited! :D

My Questions for the Doctor, and his answers:
(Note, I may have not fully understood his responses, or not written fast enough and can't remember exactly what he said (I took notes as he answered my questions). This is my best summary of what he said to me today. I hope it helps, but check out what I have here with your own doctor)

Questions for PI Specialist

Question: Should I take steroids (or any drug that lowers the immune system) ever? (eg: nasal sprays, inhalers, eczema creams, prednisone, etc)

Answer: Yes, as needed for asthma, allergies, autoimmune disorders, etc.     Avoid over-use of oral steroids due to them affecting the blood

 Question: Should we get treatments while sick?

• What about with an infection or while on antibiotics?

Answer: Yes, unless you have a high fever which might mask a reaction to the medication

Question: Should I stay away from children (some doctors have said that I should)?

Answer: No, but use caution. If they are sick, wear a mask, keep distance, and wash hands frequently

Question: What is your "goal" IgG level for me?

Answer: Based on individual, but around 800 for me. He also said that some people are fine at 600, but he doesn't think that I'm one who would be.

Question: Will you test me for IgA antibodies?

Answer: Possibly, if I have very low IgA (under 6.0)

Question: If I have IgA antibodies is it still safe for me to have Hizentra?

Answer: No because I will make antibodies to the IgA, and will then be more likely to have a very serious reaction to my treatments.

Question: Is it safe for me to receive a blood transfusion?

Answer: It is unless I have very low (under 6.0) IgA, in that case a blood transfusion could be very dangerous

Question: Can/will you do genetic testing? I think there’s a family history...

Answer: In my case, yes because I’ve been sick for so much of my life. A very small percentage of people have the defective TACI gene, and the people with the other associated defective genes are even more rare. He will test me for the TACI defect.

Question: Is it possible to have CVID your whole life, but have your immune system crash at some point where your numbers fall, or will they always be low?

Answer: Yes, but because I’ve been sick for so long that’s probably not the case.

Question: Do you treat the patient or the IgG levels?

Answer: He cares about the patient’s well-being, and some patients are good at lower levels and there are treatments other than IgG replacement that work for them. He does not think that is the case with me.

Question: Are you currently researching CVID?

Answer: Yes, he has a budget for researching CVID and is accepting patients for the research

Question: How will you help me regain my quality of life?

Answer: By finding a more appropriate treatment for me.

Question: Can CVID patients make antibodies?

Answer: Yes, especially for things like Lupus and RA

Question: Can CVID patients  test positive to things like Lupus, RA, etc?

Answer: Yes (see above)

Question: Should CVID Patients wear a Medic Alert Bracelet?

Answer: Yes, especially if they have very low IgA, then they should specify CVID – No IgA (or something like that)

Question: Should I have antibiotics for dental appointments? (Fillings, etc)

Answer: No, the primary reason for that is to avoid heart valve infections.

Question: Can we eat honey safely? I read that it’s an issue w/ babies because of them not having enough good bacteria in their intestinal tract, but ours can be wiped out by antibiotics and other drugs...

Answer: Yes

Question: Should we get vaccinations?
Answer: There's not much point because of the vaccinations being covered by IVIG/SubQ--except the most recent flu vaccination. You especially need it if you're on Hizentra.

Question: Is a problem with the innate immune system (limited/no swelling, low body temp, diminished pain response) related to CVID?
Answer: Yes, the innate immune system is (can be? don't remember which he said) linked to CVID, but they don't know how yet. I also don't remember whether he said for all CVID patients, or just some. I do remember him saying that they see things like low body temp, and not swelling in some CVID patients. He also said that some patients don't heal at the normal rate.

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If any doctors who saw me today disagree with the information I provided here, please either send me an e-mail or write a comment below. I will correct the information right away. Thank you! :)